Sexual activity is associated with numerous physical and psychological benefits, from reducing high blood pressure to enhancing immune function and promoting better sleep. However, there’s a dark side to this intimate act, as a small percentage of individuals may experience sudden cardiac death during or shortly after sex.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SEX: OXYTOCIN AND BEYOND
Engaging in sexual activity and experiencing orgasm release the hormone oxytocin, known as the “love hormone,” which plays a role in building trust and bonding between partners. Despite the positive effects of sex on overall well-being, rare instances of sudden death highlight the potential risks involved.
UNDERSTANDING THE RISKS OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
While the incidence of sudden death during sex is extremely low, accounting for only 0.6 percent of all cases of sudden death, various factors may contribute to these tragic events. Physical strain, prescription drugs (e.g., medications for erectile dysfunction), and illegal substances such as cocaine can increase the risk of cardiac events during sexual activity.
AGE AND GENDER DISPARITIES
Sudden cardiac death during sex predominantly affects middle-aged men, with the most common cause being a heart attack. However, recent research suggests that this phenomenon is not limited to this demographic. A study from St George’s, University of London, found that sudden cardiac death during or shortly after sex also occurs in younger adults, with structural abnormalities and arrhythmic disorders being major contributing factors.
IMPLICATIONS FOR YOUNGER ADULTS
The study highlights that sudden cardiac death in individuals under the age of 50 is often attributed to conditions such as sudden arrhythmic death syndrome (SADS) or cardiomyopathies. Younger adults diagnosed with these conditions should consult their cardiologists to assess the risks associated with sexual activity.
BALANCING BENEFITS AND RISKS
While the incidence of sudden cardiac death during sex is low, individuals with existing heart conditions should be aware of the potential risks. By understanding the complex relationship between sex and cardiac events, healthcare professionals can provide guidance to ensure the safety and well-being of their patients during intimate moments.
The study, which is published in JAMA Cardiology, investigated sudden cardiac death in 6,847 cases referred to the center for cardiac pathology at St George’s between January 1994 and August 2020.
