At the 2024 UN Climate Conference, scientists revealed a critical climate threat: nitrous oxide (N₂O). This greenhouse gas, largely unaddressed, is accelerating global warming. It is also damaging the ozone layer, urging experts to call for swift action.
Nitrous oxide is roughly 270 times more potent than carbon dioxide. Though it makes up about 10% of greenhouse gas emissions, N₂O poses immense risks. Unlike CO₂, which is emitted broadly, N₂O mainly comes from synthetic fertilizers and manure used in agriculture. Scientists warn that rising N₂O levels challenge climate goals, making it nearly impossible to limit global warming to 1.5°C without urgent action.
THE AGRICULTURAL CONNECTION
Agricultural practices top the sources for N₂O emissions. While fertilizers help crop growth, they release vast nitrogen compounds that transform into nitrous oxide.
BEYOND AGRICULTURE: INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF N₂O
Agricultural sources dominate, but the chemical industry also contributes. Emissions from this sector, nevertheless, will be easier and cheaper to reduce with efficient technology.
Experts emphasize a “sustainable nitrogen management approach” for broader environmental benefits. Beyond climate, managing nitrogen pollution will improve soil health, air quality, and water quality.
N₂O AND OZONE DEPLETION
Nitrous oxide is now the main ozone-depleting substance in the atmosphere. While the world has curbed other pollutants, N₂O remains a threat to the protective layer shielding Earth from ultraviolet rays.
Reducing N₂O emissions will hasten the ozone’s recovery. The ozone layer, vital for life, still needs active global commitment, scientists stress.
A PATH FORWARD: ABATEMENT STRATEGIES
The UN Assessment highlights available tools and strategies for reducing N₂O. Effective implementation will cut emissions by 40%, moving the world closer to key climate and health goals.
