A recent comprehensive review published in PLOS Climate, led by researchers from the University of Oxford, reveals that nature-based solutions (NbS) can significantly bolster local economies while promoting environmental sustainability. The study shows how NbS can create ‘win-win’ scenarios. They enhance biodiversity, support climate adaptation, and foster economic growth at the same time.
The authors of the study emphasize that NbS are vital for countries striving to transition towards clean, efficient circular economies. By integrating natural processes into economic planning, NbS can unlock prosperity through various channels:
- Boosting Agricultural Productivity: NbS can enhance soil health and water management, directly impacting agricultural outputs and food security.
- Job Creation: Specific programs, such as South Africa’s Working for Water (WfW) initiative, have successfully cleared invasive species from over a million hectares. These programs have generated more than 20,000 jobs. Similarly, a coastal restoration project in the U.S. demonstrated an impressive return on investment, creating 17 jobs for every $1 million spent.
- Rapid Implementation: The review highlights NbS’s adaptability, noting their capacity to be deployed swiftly in rural communities often overlooked by traditional investment strategies. Alex Chausson, the study’s lead author and NbS specialist at WWF-UK, stresses their importance in stimulating local economies. This is crucial particularly in times of crisis recovery.
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION
Despite their potential, the authors find several obstacles hindering the widespread adoption of NbS:
- Siloed Government Decision-Making: Fragmented policies can prevent cohesive approaches to NbS implementation, diminishing their overall effectiveness.
- Misconceptions About Environmental Policies: There is a prevalent belief that pro-environmental measures may negatively impact business interests. This belief can deter investment in NbS.
- Inadequate Reporting on Broader Impacts: Current assessment frameworks often focus on immediate ecological benefits. They neglect the wider economic and social advantages that NbS can provide. Chausson notes that biodiversity improvements might be tracked. However, economic benefits like job creation and community resilience often go unreported.
IMPORTANCE OF COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION
The study argues for a more holistic approach to evaluating NbS investments. Dr. Brian O’Callaghan, co-author and Lead Researcher at the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, emphasizes the need for careful consideration. It is important to include all stakeholders. Unintended negative consequences must be minimized.
“Strategically designed investments in nature can generate jobs. They enhance economic productivity and build resilience. This approach serves as a robust response to economic downturns,” he states.
BEST PRACTICES FOR NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS
Adopting best practice standards is crucial for making sure that the benefits of NbS are realized in practice. Alison Smith, co-author and Senior Research Associate at the NbS Initiative, highlights the necessity of community involvement in the design and execution of NbS projects. Engaging local stakeholders helps to make sure equitable distribution of benefits and can reduce potential trade-offs.
Integrating traditional knowledge with scientific research can improve NbS outcomes. This approach creates mutually beneficial solutions for both people and the environment.
