For most people, sex is a pleasurable experience, but for some, it can lead to unexpected headaches. Primary Headache Associated with Sexual Activity (PHASA) is a condition characterized by headaches or neck pain triggered by sexual activity. These headaches can range from mild discomfort lasting up to three days to intense, rapid-onset headaches lasting from a minute to 24 hours.
While PHASA affects both men and women, it is more common in men, occurring in approximately 1-1.6% of the population at some point in their lives. However, due to stigma surrounding discussions about sex, many cases of PHASA likely go unreported.
CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS
The exact causes of PHASA are not fully understood, but there are several factors that may contribute to its occurrence. Individuals with hypertension are more likely to experience PHASA, suggesting a link between high blood pressure and these headaches. Additionally, PHASA is often found in individuals who suffer from regular headaches or migraines. Abnormalities in the veins around the head and neck, such as venous stenosis, may also contribute to PHASA. Recent studies have highlighted the association between PHASA and conditions such as cough-induced headaches and exertion-induced headaches.
RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS
In some cases, PHASA can lead to more serious complications, such as brain bleeds. Individuals experiencing headaches during sexual activity should exercise caution when taking medications such as aspirin, as they can thin the blood and exacerbate bleeding. Brain bleeds during sex are more common than one might expect, with physical exertion of various forms, including running, lifting heavy weights, and even sneezing, posing similar risks. Certain underlying conditions, such as a hole in the heart (patent foramen ovale), can increase the risk of stroke during sex.
MEDICAL INTERVENTION AND TREATMENT
If you experience headaches during sex, it is essential to seek medical attention. Your doctor can provide treatment options, including medications commonly used for hypertension, such as beta-blockers and calcium channel antagonists. They may also recommend a more passive role during sexual activity or even abstinence while further tests are conducted to rule out more serious underlying causes. While PHASA can often be treated effectively, it is crucial to identify and address any potential underlying health conditions that may be contributing to the headaches.
Primary Headache Associated with Sexual Activity (PHASA) is a relatively uncommon but potentially disruptive condition that can affect individuals during or after sexual activity. While the exact causes of PHASA are still being investigated, there are known risk factors such as hypertension and pre-existing headache disorders. It is essential for individuals experiencing headaches during sex to seek medical evaluation to determine the appropriate course of treatment and rule out any serious underlying health conditions. By addressing PHASA promptly and effectively, individuals can minimize discomfort and reduce the risk of complications associated with this condition.