In the world of conservation, charismatic species like pandas and polar bears often take the spotlight in campaigns aimed at protecting our planet’s biodiversity. However, recent research suggests that it’s not just entire species that can serve as flagships for conservation; individual animals or plants can also play a pivotal role in raising awareness and garnering public support.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAGSHIP INDIVIDUALS
Lead author Ivan Jarić, affiliated with the University of Paris-Saclay in France and the Czech Academy of Sciences, explains, “Flagship individuals typically share common characteristics. They belong to charismatic species, possess unique individual traits that make them endearing, and often have compelling life stories, sometimes marked by tragic fates. These individuals frequently interact with humans, forming deep connections and generating empathy. In doing so, they become catalysts for engagement, behavioral change, increased donations, and even policy changes.”
CASE STUDY: LUA THE ANTILLEAN MANATE
The power of individual plants or animals in shaping public opinion was evident in the recent outcry over the felling of the “Sycamore Gap” tree in the UK. This phenomenon underscores the potential influence of specific individuals within the realm of conservation.
The study also highlights several compelling examples. One such case is that of Lua, an Antillean manatee native to Brazil. Severely affected by habitat loss and hunting, this species faced dire prospects. However, in 1994, Lua, an orphaned calf, became one of the first manatees to be reintroduced into the wild as part of a conservation program.
Lua quickly captured the hearts of many and became the program’s symbol, gaining attention through local media and community initiatives. Her gentle disposition and willingness to interact with humans and boats allowed many people to have their first encounter with a wild manatee. This, in turn, led to the development of a sustainable local tourism industry supporting hundreds of families. Notably, Lua, now 31 years old, was the first reintroduced manatee to successfully breed in the wild, having six calves.
BALANCING THE UPSIDES AND DOWNSIDES
However, it’s essential to recognize that there are potential downsides to the use of flagship individuals. Lua’s story serves as an example, as some visitors have fed her potentially harmful items, including beer and fried fish.
Dr. Sarah Crowley from the University of Exeter, another co-author of the study, emphasizes, “If the promotion of flagship individuals is done properly, it can yield substantial benefits for conservation, ranging from local to global scales. However, this must be carried out with care to ensure the individual’s well-being and to prevent the spread of false or distorted information. Further research is needed to determine how to promote flagship individuals in ways that generate broader support for conservation, attract new audiences, and minimize potential harm.”
This research sheds light on the remarkable potential of individual animals and plants to become beacons of hope for conservation efforts, reminding us that every species, no matter how small or obscure, can play a crucial role in preserving our planet’s biodiversity.