The Supreme Court of India takes up a crucial suo motu case on December 29, 2025, addressing mining activities and the precise definition of Aravalli Hills. Environmentalists watch closely, hoping for robust protections for this vital ecosystem spanning Delhi to Gujarat.
A three-judge bench led by CJI Surya Kant examines if recent guidelines sufficiently shield the fragile range from exploitation.
Case Background and Court Action
The bench, including Justices J K Maheshwari and A G Masih, reviews “In Re: Definition of Aravalli Hills and Ranges and Ancillary Issues.” This follows the court’s November 20 order accepting a Union environment ministry panel’s recommendations. Activists like former forest officer R P Balwan petitioned, fearing diluted safeguards could greenlight mining in sensitive zones.
The Centre imposed a total ban on new mining leases and mandated strict compliance for existing ones with past court directives. Consequently, the hearing seeks clarity on boundaries to curb illegal operations threatening biodiversity and air quality.
Defining Aravalli Hills and Ranges
The accepted definition labels any landform in Aravalli districts with 100 meters or more elevation above local relief as “Aravalli Hills.” This includes the full landform within the lowest contour, slopes, and associated areas, regardless of gradient. An “Aravalli Range” forms from two or more such hills within 500 meters, measured from outermost boundary points.
These criteria aim to standardize protections, but critics argue they exclude lower foothills crucial for water recharge and wildlife corridors. The court also endorsed sustainable mining protocols and anti-illegal measures, balancing ecology with regulated extraction.
Environmental Stakes and Activist Concerns
Aravalli’s ancient hills combat desertification, filter Delhi’s polluted air, and host leopards and migratory birds. Mining scars landscapes, spikes dust pollution, and risks groundwater depletion. Recent affidavits highlight how vague definitions could expose vast areas, undermining the range’s role as a green lung.
Experts link lax enforcement to health crises in nearby communities. Thus, stronger demarcation promises lasting conservation amid climate pressures.
Will This Hearing Strengthen Protections?
The suo motu move signals judicial vigilance, potentially refining definitions for comprehensive coverage. Could it impose total mining bans? Outcomes may set precedents for other eco-sensitive zones. How urgent? Illegal activities persist despite bans, per reports.
Q&A: Aravalli Case Essentials
Q: What triggers the 100m definition?
A: Landforms elevated 100m+ above local relief in Aravalli districts qualify as hills, including slopes.
Q: How close for a ‘range’?
A: Two+ hills within 500m from lowest contour boundaries form a range.
Q: Is mining fully banned?
A: New leases banned; existing must follow court and environmental rules strictly.
Q: Who heads the bench?
A: CJI Surya Kant, with Justices Maheshwari and Masih.
Q: Why suo motu?
A: Court acts on its own amid concerns over November order’s mining implications.
FAQ
What spans Aravalli Hills?
Eco-range from Delhi-NCR to Gujarat, vital for biodiversity and pollution control.
Does definition protect foothills?
Contested—includes slopes but worries persist over exclusions below 100m.
Any sustainable mining allowed?
Yes, per court-approved protocols to prevent illegality.
Impact on Delhi pollution?
Mining worsens air; clear definitions aid green barriers.
When is the hearing?
December 29, 2025, per Supreme Court causelist.
This pivotal hearing reinforces India’s environmental justice, safeguarding Aravalli for future generations. Activists urge comprehensive bans, while balanced development beckons. Follow updates for verdict impacts on mining nationwide.