Since September 2023, Afghanistan has experienced an unprecedented return of over 4 million Afghans from neighboring Iran and Pakistan. The ongoing influx is straining humanitarian resources and calls for urgent global assistance. According to the International Organization for Migration (IOM), over 1.5 million Afghans have already returned in 2025. Pakistan is refusing to extend stay permits for Afghan nationals. This decision is expected to trigger an additional wave of around 1 million returnees. It will intensify the crisis.
IOM Appeals for Increased Funding to Prevent System Collapse
IOM warns that without urgent funding, border and reintegration systems will collapse, leaving afghan families without essential support. Mohammed Abdiker, IOM’s Chief of Staff, described families arriving exhausted, many with small children, and lacking shelter or resources.
IOM operates four reception centers at major border points—Islam Qala and Milak (Iran), and Torkham and Spin Boldak (Pakistan). These centers provide vital food, temporary shelter, healthcare, transportation, cash aid, and psychosocial support, especially for vulnerable afghan groups.
Reintegration Challenges in Host Communities
Return areas face severe shortages in basic services and economic opportunities. IOM’s Regional Director, Iori Kato, highlights that without sustained investments, afghan returnees will struggle to rebuild, often resulting in repeated displacement.
Most returnees lack official documentation, blocking access to services and formal aid. This undocumented status presents major challenges to successful afghan reintegration, especially as harsh winter conditions approach.
Climate Shocks Worsen Displacement and Humanitarian Needs
Afghanistan is grappling with the consequences of four consecutive drought years and frequent climate shocks. These environmental factors exacerbate internal displacement, making humanitarian needs more urgent than ever, particularly for afghan communities.
Emphasizing Safe, Voluntary, and Dignified Returns
IOM stresses the importance of safe, voluntary, and dignified returns, urging regional cooperation and immediate international support to prevent further deterioration of the humanitarian situation affecting afghan nationals.
Afghanistan’s massive return movement demands swift, coordinated global action. Enhanced funding and strategic reintegration programs are essential to protect vulnerable afghan populations and ensure long-term stability.