India has designated Gokul Jalashay and Udaipur Jheel as Wetlands of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention. The declaration highlights the importance of freshwater ecosystems, their role in supporting biodiversity, and their contribution to local livelihoods.
Both wetlands are oxbow lakes with ecological and cultural value, home to diverse plants, birds, and community-driven conservation practices.
Gokul Jalashay: An oxbow lake linked to the Ganga
Gokul Jalashay, listed as Ramsar Site number 2576, lies on the southern edge of the Ganga River. Seasonal flood pulses from the river shape the wetland by exposing marshes and farmland during dry months and causing greater inundation after monsoons. This seasonal cycle sustains ecological balance and helps protect surrounding villages by acting as a natural flood buffer.
The site supports more than 50 bird species, especially during the pre-monsoon period when exposed marshland provides breeding and feeding grounds. Local communities depend on the wetland for fishing, irrigation, and agriculture. Cultural traditions are also linked to its conservation, with villagers joining together during annual festivals to remove weeds and clean the wetland’s catchment area.
Udaipur Jheel: A wetland within forest and village
Udaipur Jheel, designated Ramsar Site number 2577, lies near the forests of Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary to the north and west. The lake surrounds a village, creating a close link between human settlement and wetland ecology. The site hosts more than 280 plant species, including Alysicarpus roxburghianus, a herb found only in India.
It is also a key wintering ground for around 35 migratory bird species, including the vulnerable common pochard. Jamun trees line the wetland, and their fruits are believed to purify the water naturally. Despite its ecological richness, the site faces threats from illegal fishing and intensive agriculture, particularly the use of fertilizers and pesticides.
Why Ramsar recognition matters
Ramsar designation emphasizes the ecological and cultural importance of these sites while creating opportunities for international cooperation, technical support, and funding. Wetlands play a vital role in climate resilience, water purification, and as habitats for birds and other species.
For communities, Ramsar status can boost eco-tourism and promote awareness of balancing livelihoods with conservation. It also draws attention to the need for stronger protection against pollution, unsustainable farming practices, and overexploitation of wetland resources.
Conclusion
The addition of Gokul Jalashay and Udaipur Jheel to the Ramsar List strengthens India’s growing network of protected wetlands. These oxbow lakes demonstrate the interconnectedness of ecology, culture, and livelihoods in wetland management. Future conservation will depend on active community involvement and effective policies to ensure the long-term survival of these fragile ecosystems.
