Researchers have identified the precise age when brain decline starts. A study of 19,300 people found that brain cells begin deteriorating around 44. By 67, the decline accelerates, and by 90, it stabilizes. Scientists at Stony Brook University say this discovery could help improve brain aging health strategies. Neuroscientist Lilianne Mujica-Parodi calls this stage a “bend before the break,” where neurons struggle for energy but remain salvageable.
The study suggests that insulin resistance in brain cells plays a key role. As neurons lose sensitivity to insulin, they absorb less glucose for energy. This weakens brain function and speeds up aging.
Genetic analysis supports this link. Researchers found that GLUT4, a glucose-absorbing protein, and APOE, a fat-transporting protein linked to Alzheimer’s, are connected to brain deterioration.
CAN ALTERNATIVE FUELS REVERSE BRAIN DECLINE?
Since neurons in middle age still function despite energy shortages, replenishing their fuel supply may slow brain aging. To test this, researchers gave ketone supplements to 101 individuals.
Ketones boosted insulin sensitivity and reduced metabolic stress. The brain’s decline stabilized, with the strongest benefits seen in adults aged 40 to 59.
“This shifts how we think about brain aging,” says neuroscientist Botond Antal. “Instead of waiting for symptoms, we can intervene earlier using metabolic markers.”
PATH TO PREVENTING BRAIN DECLINE
The study emphasizes the importance of early intervention. Addressing insulin resistance in mid-life may slow cognitive decline and reduce neurodegenerative risks.
With further research, ketone-based therapies could emerge as a potential tool for preventing Alzheimer’s and other age-related brain diseases.